By Blake Jackson
The summer drought significantly impacted corn farmers across Missouri, resulting in diverse yields depending on access to irrigation.
Governor Mike Parson declared a statewide drought alert in May, coinciding with the critical growing period for most corn crops. Missouri ranks ninth in U.S. corn production, averaging 560.9 million bushels annually.
Corn, a high-input crop, requires substantial water, with total usage ranging from 20 to 35 inches in Missouri. University of Missouri Extension specialist Justin Calhoun notes that drought stress is most harmful during the reproductive stage.
In southeast Missouri's Delta Region, farmers like Calhoun benefited from irrigation, achieving well-above-average corn yields. "Irrigation allows us to withstand drought better than regions with less access," Calhoun explained.
In contrast, Andy Clay of Clay Farms in Moniteau County faced drastically lower yields due to the lack of irrigation. This year's corn production was only 25% of their average.
"We were unlucky not to receive timely rains during pollination, which significantly impacted our crop," Clay lamented.
Regional corn grain trials reflect the diverse yield impacts. Central Missouri averaged 221.3 bushels per acre, slightly above last year's 215.87, while Northern Missouri saw a decline from 216.81 to 199.2 bushels per acre.
According to a recent federal report, the Midwest can expect hotter summers, erratic precipitation, and rapid shifts between extreme wet and dry conditions in the future.
"We can't control the weather," Clay acknowledged, "but we adapt and persevere."
While offering specific recommendations for addressing drought is challenging, Calhoun emphasizes the importance of acknowledging farmers' long-term goals.
"Most farmers want to pass on their heritage to their families," Calhoun said. "We need to manage inputs sustainably to ensure they can continue farming in the future."
Photo Credit: gettyimages-vladans
Categories: Missouri, Crops, Corn