By Blake Jackson
Preparing bulls for the breeding season is crucial for a successful calf crop. “Bull management is important in preparation for the upcoming breeding season,” says Patrick Davis, University of Missouri Extension livestock field specialist.
Patrick advises producers to begin preparations in March, focusing on body condition, structural soundness, and overall health.
“Bull body condition is important as breeding season approaches,” says Davis. The ideal body condition score (BCS) is a 6, indicating adequate energy reserves for breeding. Producers can refer to the MU Extension guide “Body Condition Scoring of Beef Cattle” for more information.
Structural soundness, particularly foot health, is also vital. Davis recommends evaluating hoof claw set and pastern/heel length, aiming for a score between 3 and 7. “Structural soundness is important for bulls to do their job during the breeding season,” he says.
Maintaining optimum bull health is essential for both the bull and the herd. Davis suggests working with a veterinarian to develop a herd health program, including vaccinations and parasite control.
Non-virgin bulls should be tested for trichomoniasis before entering the breeding pasture. The MU Extension guide “Vaccination Program for a Cow-Calf Operation” provides further guidance.
A breeding soundness exam (BSE) is a valuable tool for assessing bull fertility. “A breeding soundness exam (BSE) is a good time to implement management strategies mentioned above as well as evaluate semen quality to identify and cull poor-fertility bulls,” says Davis.
The BSE can evaluate BCS, foot score, semen quality, and provide opportunities for vaccinations and trichomoniasis testing. Producers should schedule BSEs 30 to 60 days before the breeding season.
MU Extension, in partnership with local veterinarians and pharmaceutical companies, offers BSE Days in southwest Missouri. These events provide education on foot scoring, BCS, genomic testing, and the BSE.
Participating veterinarians offer rebates on vaccinations and dewormers. Trichomoniasis testing is also available. “MU Extension partners with local veterinarians and pharmaceutical companies to provide bull management education during BSE Days in southwest Missouri,” Davis says.
Davis encourages all cattle producers to have their bulls tested, whether through BSE Days or their local veterinarian. “Whether bulls are tested through the BSE days or with your local veterinarian, get them tested,” says Davis.
Using bulls with poor fertility or structural problems can lead to open females and reduced profitability. For more information, contact Patrick Davis at davismp@missouri.edu.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-steveoehlenschlager
Categories: Missouri, Livestock, Beef Cattle