By Blake Jackson
As temperatures rise, flies and ticks begin to affect cattle, causing discomfort and health concerns. These external parasites do more than irritate—they lower productivity and can spread disease.
Horn flies and face flies are common. Horn flies feed on cattle multiple times a day, staying mostly on the back, while face flies feed on eye and nose secretions, spreading diseases like pinkeye.
Ticks are also harmful. They carry pathogens such as Anaplasma marginale, which causes anaplasmosis—a disease that leads to anemia and death in cattle. The newer Asian longhorned tick has been linked to Theileria orientalis ikeda, another serious illness.
Experts recommend controlling horn flies once the number reaches 200 per animal. A handy tip is that 100 horn flies cover an area about the size of a human palm.
Insecticide ear tags are a popular chemical control method. These tags release insecticides like pyrethroids or abamectin over time. Two matching tags should be used on adult cattle and removed after their effective period.
Pour-on products and spray applications are also used, though they provide shorter protection—often one to three weeks. These can serve as primary control or follow-up treatments later in the season.
Feed-through products like insect growth regulators help reduce fly larvae in manure. They should be fed at least 30 days before fly season begins.
Maintaining devices like back rubbers and dust bags can also help in some herds. Proper usage and placement are key for effectiveness.
Controlling tick habitat is essential too. Mowing, brush removal, and controlled burns help reduce tick-friendly areas.
To prevent resistance, rotate insecticide classes and limit repeated use of one type. Integrating nonchemical methods like parasitic wasps or walk-through traps can further enhance fly control programs.
Using a combined approach is the best way to protect cattle health and farm productivity.
Photo Credit: istock-123ducu
Categories: Missouri, Livestock, Beef Cattle