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Optimizing seeding rates for fall cover crops

Optimizing seeding rates for fall cover crops


By Blake Jackson

As farmers across the Midwest transition to fall cover crop planting, understanding the optimal seeding rates for various species is crucial.

A recent study conducted by the Elsberry, Missouri Plant Materials Center (PMC) sheds light on this important aspect of cover crop management.

The study focused on three commonly used cover crop species: cereal rye, canola, and crimson clover. Researchers evaluated the impact of different seeding rates on fall and spring canopy cover, as well as biomass production. Seeding rates were adjusted to 50%, 100%, and 150% of the Missouri NRCS recommended rates.

Key Findings:

  • High Seeding Rates Yield Similar Results: Surprisingly, the highest seeding rate (150%) often resulted in similar biomass production and surface coverage as the recommended rate (100%). This suggests that increasing the seeding rate beyond the recommended level may not significantly enhance cover crop benefits.
  • Lower Seeding Rates Can Impact Spring Performance: While lower seeding rates (50%) did not significantly affect fall biomass production for all species, they did impact spring performance. Canola, in particular, showed reduced spring coverage and biomass at the lower rate.
  • Cereal Rye: A Resilient Choice: Cereal rye demonstrated resilience to lower seeding rates, maintaining similar spring biomass levels compared to higher rates.

These findings provide valuable insights for farmers aiming to optimize their cover crop management practices.

While higher seeding rates may not always be necessary to achieve desired results, careful consideration should be given to specific crop species and local conditions.

By understanding the impact of seeding rates on cover crop performance, farmers can make informed decisions to maximize the benefits of these valuable conservation practices.

For a more detailed analysis, refer to the final study report on fall planting dates for cover crops in Northern Missouri.

Photo Credit: gettyimages-mvburling

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Categories: Missouri, Crops

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