By Blake Jackson
Corn leafhoppers are expected to reappear in Missouri cornfields in 2025, warns Ivair Valmorbida, University of Missouri (MU) Extension state crops entomologist.
First identified in the state in 2024, these pests are carriers of corn stunt disease, which can result in complete crop loss.
The initial case of corn stunt disease in Missouri was confirmed in August 2024 by MU Extension agronomist Tim Schnakenberg in Lawrence County.
Since then, corn leafhoppers have been detected in multiple counties, including Boone, Knox, Pike, and Barton.
Corn leafhoppers, originating from South America, Mexico, and Puerto Rico, made their way to the Midwest in 2024. These small, pale yellow to greenish-yellow insects feed on corn and related plants, transmitting pathogens that cause severe deformities such as loose kernels, short stalks, and reduced yields. They also damage plants by extracting sap, further weakening crops.
Measuring just 1/8-inch, corn leafhoppers are challenging to spot. Their presence can be identified by shiny leaves caused by honeydew excretions, which can lead to black, sooty mold that affects photosynthesis.
These pests also target gama grasses, Johnson grass, sorghum, and millet, often hiding in shaded areas of corn plants.
Once infected, symptoms of corn stunt disease include yellowing or reddening of leaf tips, stunted growth, and multiple ears with missing kernels. Unfortunately, there is no treatment for infected plants, making prevention the primary focus.
Valmorbida advises farmers to monitor their fields closely by using yellow sticky cards and visual inspections. Research is ongoing to determine whether corn leafhoppers can survive Missouri winters, particularly in warmer southern regions.
To reduce infestation risks, Valmorbida recommends:
- Removing volunteer plants that may host pests and pathogens.
- Planting corn early to avoid peak infestation periods.
- Using insecticidal seed treatments for protection until the V3 growth stage.
- Applying foliar insecticides if pests are present before the V8 growth stage.
With proactive management, farmers can minimize potential damage and protect their yields from this emerging threat.
Photo Credit: gettyimages-awakr10
Categories: Missouri, Crops, Corn